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              The 
                Fanes' saga - Analysis of the legend 
              The 
                myth of the "Resurgence" 
                
              Wolff’s 
                reconstruction of the Fanes’ last vicissitudes is somewhat 
                obscure; we must keep in mind that we were handed down different 
                and partially contradictory versions of the story. It seems clear 
                anyway that, since the remote past, the storytellers tried to 
                attenuate the psychological impact of defeat and massacre by inserting 
                fictional elements that had nothing to do with what really occurred. 
                 
                
              
                 
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                  Remarks  | 
                 
                 
                   
                      While 
                        the enemies assault the Fanes’ castle, Lujanta 
                        reappears and puts them to flight using her sister’s 
                        bow. But the castle is lost anyway. The queen reconciles 
                        with marmots; 
                        they explain Lujanta 
                        how to evacuate the last defenders from the castle through 
                        an underground path, and foretell the chance to recover 
                        their lost kingdom. 
                        
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                  Lujanta’s 
                      reappearance isn’t present in all legend versions: 
                      it seems, however, that in any case at the root of the story 
                      there was a “Dolasilla restored to life”, to 
                      be justified a way or another. The reconciliation with marmots 
                      represents the bitter triumph of the pacifists’ party 
                      (and of matriarchate), while the profecy about the possible 
                      recovery of the kingdom is already fading into fantasy, 
                      into the dream that it may be possible to restore the good 
                      old times, idealized by memory.  | 
                 
                 
                   
                      The 
                        last defenders of the castle escape through an underground 
                        passage, but are being closely chased. The dwarfs 
                        save them, by deviating a waterfall (the “Morin 
                        di Salvans”, i.e. Dwarfs’ Mill) so that 
                        it separates them from their pursuers. Eventually the 
                        arrive at a large hall, where marmots 
                        are hibernating. In the meanwhile the enemies pillage 
                        the country and destroy everything. Spina-de-Mul recovers 
                        his Raietta. 
                        
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                  A 
                      sort of passage of the Red Sea, transferred into an idealized 
                      underground landscape, and even populated by dwarfs. 
                      All concurs to indicate that this is just a Middle-Ages 
                      fictional embellishment.  
                      The opinion that marmots 
                      hibernate in large underground halls is absolutely false 
                      (they use small, well protected chambers).  
                      It may happen that the word “morin”, i.e. “mill”, 
                      is applied to canals that never had anything to do with 
                      a mill (cfr. Palmieri, 
                      1996). The place-name “Morin di Salvans" 
                      indicates today a spring near Tadega pass, at the Alpe 
                      di Fanes Grande, where a canal may perhaps have 
                      once existed. It is said that the noise of a subterranean 
                      waterfall may be heard at times, but definitely there is 
                      no accessible entrance to any underground passage.  | 
                 
                 
                   According 
                      to the marmots’ 
                      prophecy, The Fanes fight for seven summers, each year retaking 
                      a new mountaintop. But the Eagle-prince is eager to recover 
                      all his father’s conquests, and he leaves. The Fanes 
                      gain their victories by means of their ancient tactics: 
                      they strike by surprise and then vanish into caves, where 
                      they also spend all winters. Then the marmots declare that 
                      war would be over shortly if Lujanta 
                      could marry Ey-de-Net. But the hero has already married 
                      Soreghina.  | 
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                      Here 
                        we can see the “resurgence” daydream unfolding. 
                        The story of reconquering one peak every year is plain 
                        nonsense; and marmots here are just talking (and prophecying) 
                        animals. This is a fable all right, not any longer a legend 
                        . But hard reality surfaces between the lines: the climatic 
                        conditions are getting worse and worse, and the Fanes’ 
                        survivors are compelled to spend winters underground. 
                        As a matter of fact, the climatic factor was responsible, 
                        on one hand of desolating the land to the barren plateaus 
                        we can see nowadays, on the other of frustrating any possible 
                        attempt to restore the lost kingdom. At this point a new 
                        esoterical theme appears, that of the conditions that 
                        must be satisfied, no one knows why, in order to make 
                        the revenge possible. Several versions of this theme exist, 
                        basically of two types:  
                        - either Lujanta 
                        (or Dolasilla) should marry Ey-de-Net (i.e. the key male 
                        character),  
                        - or a king’s descendant (by male lineage) should 
                        recover the magic arrows.  
                        This latter condition has an Arthurian flavour all right, 
                        but everything reminds of the Middle-Ages, when not even 
                        the slightest memory of the pristine matriarchate had 
                        been preserved. 
                        
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                      In 
                        the island of the one-armed people, the Eagle-prince has 
                        become a happy husband. Three years later, the Flame Eagle 
                        arrives to take him back to the Fanes’ country and 
                        recover the unfailing arrows, so that the kingdom may 
                        be restored to its greatness. But his wife, who had been 
                        foretold that her husband would never return, sends the 
                        eagle away with a pretext. Before another year has elapsed, 
                        she casts him into a state of apparent death, and so cheats 
                        the fierce bird again. Three other years elapse this way. 
                        On the seventh year, the prince suddenly hears the Fanes’ 
                        trumpets blowing and wakes up at once. The day after, 
                        the eagle comes back, and he greets his wife and son, 
                        who was born in the meanwhile (with both arms), and leaves 
                        never to come back again. 
                        
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                  This 
                      passage is completely imbued with an athmosphere charged 
                      with symbolism and magic; the concept of heroism and the 
                      relationship between man and woman are lived according to 
                      typical Middle-Ages canons. Whatever the remote island and 
                      the one-armed men had been originally, their meaning has 
                      been forgotten in the mist of time. This passage has probably 
                      been introduced on the sole purpose to create a fictitious 
                      connection between the Fanes and the hero of the Fassa valley, 
                      Lidsanel.  | 
                 
                 
                   
                      The 
                        Fanes and their enemies come to a peace settlement: the 
                        Fanes will get back the land that had been a part of their 
                        territory since ever, but none of their late conquests. 
                        When the pact is close to be agreed upon, the Eagle-prince 
                        comes back and rejects everything. As any further agreement 
                        proves impossible, war is declared. 
                        
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                  I 
                      suspect that this peace discussion must originally have 
                      been inserted within the body of the saga, and was misplaced 
                      here by Wolff 
                      himself, or by late Ladinian storytellers who had no longer 
                      any clear picture of the course of the events. Precisely, 
                      I think that it should be located just before the battle 
                      on the Pralongià. 
                      The Palaeo-Venetics 
                      coalition offers the Fanes a last hope, that the queen would 
                      be very happy to grasp; but the prince’s intervention 
                      – a hint, by the way, that the dinastic conflict is 
                      over, and the patriarchate-warmonger party has taken the 
                      effective decisional power in its hands – thwarts 
                      her move.  | 
                 
                 
                   
                      Wolfes, 
                        crows and vultures are banqueting upon the Fanes’ 
                        bodies: men and women, old people and children, all of 
                        them massacred during the last desperate battle fought 
                        in their country’s heart, on the Furcia 
                        dai Fers, against an immense coalition collected 
                        from every corner of the world. 
                        
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                  This 
                      battle also, in my opinion, should be placed at the end 
                      of the same military campaign that leads to the defeat on 
                      the Pralongià 
                      and the storming of the Cunturines. 
                      There is no reason to believe that the coalition limited 
                      its action to severely punishing the Fanes, short of completing 
                      their task – destroy them. The site of the battlefield 
                      shows that the Fanes were pursued from the Cunturines 
                      back and back into their country, until they had to close 
                      ranks on an impervious summit that left them with no further 
                      chance to retreat.  | 
                 
                 
                   
                      Just 
                        about twenty people, all women and children, including 
                        the queen and Lujanta, 
                        escaped the massacre hiding among the marmots. 
                        The Flame 
                        Eagle arrives carrying the small boy who is Eagle-prince’s 
                        son. He foretells that the kingdom will be reborn if the 
                        boy is able to retrieve the unfailing arrows and be found 
                        at the right place when the silvery trumpets blow for 
                        the “great time”. The eagle takes the job 
                        to lit a sacred flame every year in memory of the Fanes’ 
                        kingdom. He will fly the boy to Contrin, 
                        where he will learn the profession of arms by king Odolghes. 
                        
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                  Here 
                      we have, in effect, the actual connection with Lidsanel’s 
                      epic poem from the val di Fassa, that we shall examine in 
                      the next chapter. At the same time a mythological explanation 
                      is provided to the great vulture, the "variul 
                      de la fluta", that from time to time flies 
                      circles around the will-o’-the-wisps on the inaccessible 
                      wall of the Croda 
                      Vanna.  | 
                 
                 
                   
                      Every 
                        year, by moonlight, the queen and Lujanta 
                        row around the Braies 
                        lake, coming out from the stone gate that gave its name 
                        (Sass dla Porta, i.e. “Peak of the Gate”) 
                        to the dominant Croda del Becco. They are waiting 
                        for the queen’s grandson to come back with the unfailing 
                        arrows. But he never comes. And one night the “great 
                        time” arrives: the silvery trumpets can be heard 
                        blowing from every mountain. But nobody is there to answer 
                        their call. The queen listens to them for a last time, 
                        then disappears to sleep forever on the lake bottom. But 
                        one day the “promised time” will come, when 
                        everyone will be resurrected and will live in peace. 
                        
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                  The 
                      great romantic final scene must, in my opinion, be located 
                      here, separated from the myths of Fassa that follow. The 
                      concept of the “great time” of destiny, that 
                      arrives without anyone being ready to take the chance, might 
                      be a part of an ancient tradition, but the trumpets blowing 
                      from the mountains and the concept of a “promised 
                      time”, when everyone will be resurrected and will 
                      live in peace, are clearly derived by images connected with 
                      the Christian religion.  | 
                 
               
                
              Notes 
              The 
                Fanes’ legend after the battle on the Pralongià 
                is available in at least three different versions: 
              1. 
                Version accepted by Wolff 
                in his final text: Dolasilla dies, but Lujanta 
                reappears to bring the last of the Fanes to salvation. They hide 
                while their enemies are devastating their country, but later on 
                retake it piece-meal, until when, “seven” years later, 
                a new coalition is collected and destroys them definitively (unless 
                for dreams of revenge that will never be fulfilled): 
                2. Version collected in Fassa by de 
                Rossi (and basically accepted by Wolff 
                in his first text): Dolasilla survives her wounds and Lujanta 
                doesn’t exist. There is no second battle, but anyway a single 
                military campaign bringing to the Fanes’ destruction; later 
                we only have daydreams; 
                3. Version reported by Morlang: 
                Dolasilla dies and Lujanta reappears (as in Wolff’s 
                final text), but the final battle on the Furcia 
                dai Fers takes place shortly after the one on the Pralongià 
                (thence a single campaign, as in de 
                Rossi’s version). 
              The 
                reconstruction of the events that I followed, as the most logical 
                and probable, is therefore the one according to the val Badia 
                tradition reported by Morlang. 
                It is clear that in Fassa nothing was known about Lujanta, 
                as well as they were unaware of all the anthropological themes 
                about marmots 
                and twinnings in 
                general. 
               
              
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